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[目的]探讨高压氧治疗对缺氧缺血性脑病患儿智能发育的影响。[方法]选取1996～1997年治疗的缺氧缺血性脑病患儿96例，从出生起随机分为两组，在治疗和保健措施相同的情况下，一组加用高压氧治疗。两组患地均于生后3个月和6个月时进行Bayley智测，观察两组智能发育状况。[结果]智测结果显示，高压氧治疗组的智能发育状况明显优于对照组。生后3个月时高压氧组比对照组MDI高17.2分（P＜001），PDI高10.5分（P＜0．05）；生后6个月时高压氧组比对照组MDI高11．4分（P＜0．05），PDI高8．3分（P＜0．05）。高压氧治疗组无1例死亡，MDI＜70分者仅1例；对照组死亡3例，MDI＜70者4例。[结论]高压氧治疗可以明显改善缺氧缺血性脑病患儿的智能发育状况，减少智能低下儿的发生。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on intelligence development in children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. [Method] Choose 96 cases of children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated from 1996 to 1997, randomly divided into two groups from birth, under the same treatment and health care measures, one group plus hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The two groups of patients were measured Bayley at 3 months and 6 months after birth, and the intelligence development of the two groups were observed. [Results] The results of intelligent test showed that the intelligence development of hyperbaric oxygen therapy group was significantly better than that of the control group. At 3 months after birth, the hyperbaric oxygen group was 17.2 points higher than the control group (P <0.001), and the PDI was 10.5 points (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the hyperbaric oxygen group had a high MDI 11 at 6 months after birth. 4 points (P <0.05), PDI 8.3 points higher (P <0.05). In the hyperbaric oxygen therapy group, there was no death in one case, only 1 case had MDI <70 points. In the control group, 3 cases died and 4 cases had MDI <70. [Conclusion] Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can obviously improve the intelligence development of children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and reduce the incidence of mental retardation.