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血型检定通常依赖多克隆抗血清确定个体红细胞的特性。虽然单克隆抗体提供了很大的希望,但实际应用于血型检定决非易事。然而它们已表明在鉴定红细胞抗原本身的特性方面是有用的。按惯例,将输血与血液学联系在一起。这种关系可能并不是输血实践中最重要的事情,因为这只是一种权宜的结合,不是有共同利害关系的匹配。输血实践几乎完全是以抗原抗体反应为基础,因此它的适当位置是在免疫学中。实际上,有人主张将输血包括在移植免疫的分支中,因为血液是一种器官,输血是能保证移植物存活的唯一实例。
Blood typing usually relies on polyclonal antiserum to determine the identity of an individual’s red blood cells. Although monoclonal antibodies offer great promise, it is no easy task to apply blood tests. However, they have shown to be useful in identifying the properties of erythrocyte antigens themselves. Traditionally, blood transfusions have been linked to hematology. This relationship may not be the most important thing in blood transfusion practice because it is an expedient combination and not a matter of common interest. Blood transfusion practice is based almost entirely on antigen-antibody reaction, so its proper location is in immunology. In fact, some people advocate the inclusion of blood transfusions in the branch of transplantation immunity because blood is an organ and blood transfusions are the only examples that can guarantee graft survival.