元认知(metacognition)是指人所具有的关于他的认知活动的知识和控制也就,是他对自己的认知行为了解了些什么以及在认知作业过程中如何调节自己的认知行动。后来,数学教学工作者开始研究无认知在完成数学作业中的作用。这些数学教育工作者确信,一个人在完成数学作业过程中认识到和相信他自己作为数学学习者和行为者以及他如何去控制和调节自己的行为,这对于他的成绩具有强有力的作用。因为元认知需要有意识地进行,所以发展元认知就要求人对他的行为进行观察并对 Metacognition refers to the knowledge and control that a person has about his cognitive activity, what he knows about his or her cognitive behavior, and how to regulate his or her own cognition during cognitive work action. Later, mathematics teaching workers began to study the role of non-cognition in completing math homework. These math educators are convinced that a person’s recognition and trust in himself as a math learner and actor in completing her math homework and how he controls and regulates his behavior have a powerful effect on his accomplishments. Because metacognition needs to be done consciously, developing metacognition requires people to observe his behavior and to