基础教育课程改革明确提出:每一门学科的教学都要以探究性学习为宗旨,以激发学生学习的主动性和创新意识为目标,促使学生主动学习,获得知识和技能。基于这种理念,化学教学中应转变教师角色,转变教学方式和评价方式,努力体现学生的主体地位。一、对学生主体地位的认识传统的教学理念及方式是教师讲课满堂灌,学生机械地记忆、背诵、反复练习等,认为学生学得好坏完全在于教师的教及学生的勤。这与《辩证唯物论》的“内因起决定作用,外因是条件”相违背。现实也证明,这种教学 The basic education curriculum reform clearly put forward: Each subject should be teaching to explore learning for the purpose, to stimulate student initiative and innovative awareness as the goal, to encourage students to take the initiative to learn, access to knowledge and skills. Based on this concept, the role of teachers should be changed in chemistry teaching, teaching methods and evaluation methods should be changed, and students’ subjective position should be reflected. First, the students’ main body position of the traditional teaching philosophy and approach is full of teachers lectures, students mechanically memorize, recite, repeated exercises, etc., that students learn good or bad lies entirely in teacher education and student diligence. This is in contradiction with the “internal cause of” dialectical materialism ", which is contrary to the external conditions. Reality also proves that this teaching