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新课程标准强调学习物理要“经历科学探究过程,学习科学探究方法,发展科学探究能力”。在探究活动中,对实验数据及现象进行分析、比较、归纳是获得结论及规律的重要方法,掌握这些方法是提高探究能力的关键。例为了探究实心圆柱体对水平地面压力的作用效果与哪些因素有关,某同学用若干个不同的圆柱体竖直放置在同一水平沙面上,进行了三组实验,并记录有关数据分别如表一、表二、表三所示。实验时,他仔细观察沙面的凹陷程度,并通过比较,发现每一组三次实验沙面的凹陷程度相同,而各组却不同,第一组凹陷程度最大,第二
The new curriculum standard emphasizes that learning physics must “experience the process of scientific inquiry, learn the methods of scientific inquiry, and develop scientific inquiry capabilities.” In the exploration activities, analysis, comparison, and induction of experimental data and phenomena are important methods for obtaining conclusions and laws. Mastering these methods is the key to improving the ability to explore. In order to explore the factors that affect the effect of a solid cylinder on horizontal ground pressure, a classmate uses several different cylinders to be vertically placed on the same level of sand. Three groups of experiments are performed and the relevant data are recorded separately. I. Tables 2 and 3 are shown. During the experiment, he carefully observed the degree of depression on the sand surface. Through comparison, he found that each group of three experimental sand surfaces had the same degree of depression, but each group was different, and the first group had the largest degree of depression.