论文部分内容阅读
阻燃剂已经存在数千年了,但最近200年才发展出一些新化学结构的阻燃剂。目前使用的阻燃剂主要包括7种类型,它们是卤素基、磷基、膨胀体系、矿物填料、氮基、无机物基、高分子纳米复合体系等。现在,阻燃剂的使用仅仅专注于提供消防,也没有考虑如何延长它们的使用寿命,没有考虑如何处理阻燃剂使用结束后的后处理问题。随着将来对环境保护新要求的提升,以及新型起火原因的出现,现有的几类阻燃剂显然是不够的,必须努力开发新型阻燃剂,例如硅基阻燃剂、过度金属催化作用阻燃剂等。讨论了未来阻燃剂的设计必须考虑的环境保护和新的起火原因等问题,以及与未来新型阻燃剂有关的潜在化学问题。最后提出了在新型阻燃剂研究过程中,减少环境污染、保持防火安全的原则。
Flame retardants have existed for thousands of years, but in recent 200 years, some new chemical structures have been developed. Currently used flame retardants mainly include seven types, they are halogen, phosphorus-based, swelling systems, mineral fillers, nitrogen-based, inorganic matrix, polymer nanocomposite systems. The use of flame retardants is now only focused on providing fire protection and on how to extend their useful life, without considering how to deal with the post-treatment issues at the end of the use of the flame retardant. With the advent of new requirements for environmental protection in the future and the emergence of new types of fires, the existing types of flame retardants are obviously not enough and new types of flame retardants, such as silicon-based flame retardants, over-metallic catalysis Flame retardants and so on. The issues of environmental protection and new causes of fire that must be considered in the design of future flame retardants are discussed, as well as the potential chemical problems associated with new flame retardants in the future. Finally, the principle of reducing environmental pollution and keeping fire safety in the process of new flame retardant research is put forward.