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本文认为,法律作为社会的显规则,必须与社会的潜规则相连接,否则它就可能难以有效地达到社会控制的目的。文中通过对两个法律研究的个案分析,深入说明了法律社会学思维的这一特点及其学科特征。认为法律社会学把法理解为对社会是开放的,它特别关注法律在社会实际生活中具体的运行及其功能发挥的“实际状态”等。法律社会学也是在这个意义上,提出所谓法律多元主义观点,反对传统的法学理论对国家法律的机械理解。文中对学术研究的三种路径或视角进行了分析,认为社会现实的指向,主要与法律社会学的观点相一致,体现法学研究在方法论上的思维创新。
This paper argues that law, as the explicit rule of society, must be connected with the unspoken rules of society, otherwise it may be difficult to effectively achieve the purpose of social control. Through the case analysis of the two legal studies, this article gives an in-depth explanation of the characteristics of sociology of law and its disciplinary features. It holds that legal sociology interprets law as being open to the society and pays special attention to the “lawful status” of the law in its actual functioning in society. In this sense, legal sociology also puts forward the so-called legal pluralism viewpoint and opposes the mechanical understanding of the national law by the traditional legal theory. The article analyzes the three paths or perspectives of academic research, and holds that the orientation of social reality is consistent with the viewpoints of legal sociology and reflects the methodological innovation of law research.