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本文描述了一种新型的、测量镭基准用的热流微量热计。从多体问题角度解释了量热测量中的展开效应,用双杯零位法解决了平衡时间过长的问题。分析了量热计主要性能与热电偶数目之间的关系,给出了最佳热电偶数目的理论表达式。分析了产生位置效应的原因和减小方法,做了位置实验。提出一种新的补偿方法——相关补偿法,在房间没有恒温、量热单元不匹配的情况下,用这种方法测量可以得到满意的结果。测量20mg镭源(约3mW)的单次测量标准偏差为±0.02％。
This article describes a new type of heat flow microcalorimeter for radium measurement. The expansion effect of calorimetry was explained from the perspective of multi-body problem, and the double-cup zero method was used to solve the problem of long equilibration time. The relationship between the main performance of calorimeter and the number of thermocouples is analyzed, and the theoretical expression of the optimal number of thermocouples is given. Analyzed the reason and the way of reducing the position effect and did the position experiment. A new compensation method, the correlation compensation method, is proposed, in which the room temperature is not constant and the calorimetric units do not match, the satisfactory result can be obtained by this method. A single measurement standard deviation of ± 0.02% for the measurement of a 20 mg radium source (about 3 mW).