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工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(Work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)指因职业因素所致的全身肌肉、骨骼及神经系统疾患。在工作过程当中,由于作业人员需经常保持重复性动作或强制性体位进行搬运或提举重物等活动,肌肉骨骼系统需承受姿势负荷及力量负荷等工效学负荷,多导致颈肩部、腰背部及四肢的肌肉骨骼系统受损,并出现酸、麻、胀和痛等刺激症状[1-6]。
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) refers to disorders of the body’s muscles, bones and nervous system caused by occupational factors. In the course of work, because the operators need to maintain repetitive movements or mandatory position to carry or lift heavy objects and other activities, the musculoskeletal system must withstand the load of work load and load and other ergonomic load, and more lead to the neck and shoulders, lower back And limbs musculoskeletal system damage, and the emergence of acid, numbness, swelling and pain and other irritation [1-6].