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飞机铝合金大型钣金件成形尺寸大,刚性差,制造难度大。通过对零件结构及装配要求的分析,提出了增大四周拐角角度,减少补加条带长度的改进意见,优化了零件的外形结构。借助双动拉深的优越性,采用了双动拉深的成形方法,确定出合理的制造流程和一套防止零件热处理产生变形的措施,提高了零件的成形准确度。利用有限元数值模拟、理论计算并结合实际试验,优化了展开毛坯的外形尺寸,确定出合理的工装结构以及压边力的最佳数值,达到零件精确成形的要求。
Large aircraft aluminum alloy sheet metal forming large size, poor rigidity, manufacturing difficulty. Through the analysis of the structure and assembly requirements of the parts, some suggestions are put forward to increase the corner angles of the four corners and to reduce the length of the additional strips, and the shape and structure of the parts are optimized. With the advantage of double-acting drawing, a double-acting drawing method is adopted to determine a reasonable manufacturing process and a set of measures to prevent deformation of the parts during heat treatment, thus improving the forming accuracy of the parts. The finite element numerical simulation, theoretical calculation and actual experiment are carried out to optimize the external dimensions of blank, determine the optimum tooling structure and the optimum value of blank holder force to meet the requirements of precision forming.