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脆性:是指矿物被刀尖刻划成粉末、锤击之粉碎的特性,如硫黄松脆易碎。弹性:是指矿物受外力作用而变形,外力取消后在一定限度内能恢复原状,如云母。挠性:是指物质因外力作用而变形,外力取消后不能恢复原状,如滑石。磁性:是指矿物被永久磁铁或电磁铁吸引,或矿物能吸引铁的性质,如磁石。解理:矿物受力后沿一定结晶方向裂开成光滑平面的性质,称为“解理”。如云母可极完全解理,石膏、方解石可完全解理,而石英则没有解理。
Brittleness: It refers to the characteristics that minerals are smashed by the point of the blade as a powder, hammering, such as sulfur crisp and fragile. Elasticity: It means that the mineral is deformed by the external force. After the external force is cancelled, it can be restored to a certain level within a certain limit, such as mica. Flexibility: It means that the material is deformed due to the external force. After the external force is cancelled, it cannot be restored to its original shape, such as talc. Magnetic: It refers to the property that minerals are attracted by permanent magnets or electromagnets, or that minerals can attract iron, such as magnets. Cleavage: The property of minerals cracked into a smooth plane along a certain crystal direction after stress, known as “clearance.” If mica can be completely cleaved, gypsum and calcite can be completely cleaved, while quartz is not cleaved.