目的 :通过比较豚鼠正常和变应性鼻炎 (AR)鼻粘膜中一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)的分布 ,探讨 NOS与 AR的关系。方法 :应用酶组织化学技术 ,以还原型尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸 -黄递酶 (NADPH- d)特异性地测定 NOS在正常组和 AR组豚鼠鼻粘膜中的分布及 AR组 NOS活性变化。结果 :正常和 AR组豚鼠鼻粘膜酶组织化学染色均有反应 ,AR组呈强阳性反应 ,主要分布于腺体细胞、上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞胞质。结论 :正常豚鼠鼻粘膜存在 NOS,AR的鼻粘膜 NOS活性明显高于正常组 ,提示 NOS可能与 AR有关 Objective: To investigate the relationship between NOS and AR by comparing the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the nasal mucosa of guinea pigs with normal and allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: The distribution of NOS in nasal mucosa of normal and AR group guinea pigs was determined by enzymatic histochemistry and NADPH-d, a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-d) Activity changes. Results: The nasal mucosa enzymatic histochemical staining in both normal and AR groups was reactive. The AR group showed a strong positive reaction, which mainly distributed in the glandular cells, epithelial cells and the cytoplasm of vascular endothelial cells. Conclusion: There is NOS in nasal mucosa of normal guinea pigs. NOS activity of AR in nasal mucosa is significantly higher than that in normal group, suggesting that NOS may be related to AR