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本文利用real-time PCR方法对不同产地甘草的3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰CoA还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase,HMGR)、鲨稀合成酶1(squalene synthetase 1,SQS1)、β-香树脂醇合成酶(β-amyrin synthase,β-AS)基因的拷贝数进行了研究,发现不同产地的HMGR基因存在1～3个拷贝数变异,SQS1基因存在1～2个拷贝数变异,未发现β-AS基因拷贝数变异。甘草HMGR、SQS1、β-AS基因拷贝数存在5种自然组合类型:A型(2+1+1)、B型(1+1+1)、C型(3+2+1)、D型(2+2+1)和E型(3+1+1),其中内蒙古杭锦旗甘草存在A、B两种类型,A与B的比例为1∶1.3;内蒙古赤峰甘草也存在A、B两种类型,但A与B比例为3∶1;宁夏盐池甘草存在A、B、C、D 4种类型,A/B/C/D比例为1∶5.1∶1∶2,A/B比例为1∶5.1;甘肃民勤甘草存在A、B、E 3种类型,A/B/E比例为4.1∶2.1∶1,A/B比例为2∶1。本研究证明中药功能基因基因组拷贝数变异(copy number variations,CNVs)与产地具有相关性,可能是道地药材形成的机制之一。
In this paper, real-time PCR method was used to detect the content of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR), squalene synthetase 1 , SQS1), β-amyrin synthase (β-AS) gene copy number were studied and found that there are 1 to 3 copy number variation in HMGR gene from different origin, SQS1 gene exists in 1 to 2 Copy number variation, found no variation in copy number of β-AS gene. There are five natural combination types of licorice HMGR, SQS1 and β-AS gene copy number: type A (2 + 1 + 1), type B (1 + 1 +1), type C (3 + 2 + 1) (2 + 2 + 1) and E (3 + 1 + 1). Among them, there are two types of A and B in the liquorice of Hangjinqi of Inner Mongolia, the ratio of A and B is 1: 1.3. There are also A and B But the ratio of A to B was 3:1. There were 4 types A, B, C and D of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Ningxia, the ratio of A / B / C / D was 1: 5.1: 1: 1: 5.1. There are three types of A, B and E in Minqin liquorice, the ratio of A / B / E is 4.1: 2.1: 1 and the ratio of A / B is 2: 1. This study demonstrated that the copy number variations (CNVs) of functional genomics in Chinese medicine are related to the origin and may be one of the mechanisms for the formation of authentic medicinal materials.