一、引言 尼耳斯·玻尔在1913年分三次发表的长篇论文《论原子构造和分子构造》,被誉为“伟大的三部曲”。这一称号倡自玻尔的得意门生罗森菲耳德(L.Rosenfeld),而并非笔者之所杜撰。 笔者一向主张,认真研读重要学者的原始论著,是治科学史的一种不可须臾离的基本功。不见原著或所见不广,就不能足够真切地领会当时的历史概况和时代精神,对于有关学者的思想发展就会有“雾里看花”之感,而所发议论也难免有“隔靴搔痒”之弊。窃以为,目前还在相当程度上存在着的那些贪图省力、专走“捷径”、拾人牙慧、变相抄袭的作法, I. Introduction Niels Bohr’s long thesis published three times in 1913, “On the Structure of the Atoms and the Construction of the Molecule,” was hailed as the “Great Trilogy.” This title advocates Boolean’s favorite student Rosenfeld (L.Rosenfeld), not the author of the author. The author has always advocated that serious study of the original scholar’s treatise is a basic theory of the history of science. If you do not see the original book or what you have seen, you will not be able to fully comprehend the historical situation and the spirit of the times at that time. Your thoughts on the scholars will have a sense of “foggy flowers” and the arguments you make are inevitably “tickling” The disadvantages. Steal that there is still a considerable extent there are those who seek to save energy, specializes in “shortcuts”, picking up people’s wisdom, plagiarism practice in disguise,