论文部分内容阅读
Admit it， you’ve always wondered！
Back in April 1939 and armed with a $5，000 grant1 supplied by the Rockefeller Foundation， Columbia University Teachers College professor Frank Cyr took a tour of ten states to gauge2 the extent of school transportation issues. What he found proved that student transportation was in a sorry state—many students had no dependable way to get to school and the ones who did often traveled in unsafe， unstandardized buses. Today， one of the huge variations in school transportation is the bus color， which leads us to ask， why are school buses yellow now？
承認吧，你一直想知道！
1939年4月，有了洛克菲勒基金会提供的5000美元的补助金，哥伦比亚大学师范学院教授弗兰克·西尔参观了十个州来考量学校交通问题的程度。他的发现证明了学生的交通状况很糟糕——许多学生没有可靠的方式去上学，他们经常乘坐不安全、不标准的汽车去上学。今天，学校交通的巨大变化之一是车的颜色，这让我们想问，为什么现在的校车是黄色的？
How did school buses become yellow？
Seeing a need to fix this system， Cyr organized a conference—one that would change the future of school buses forever. School officials and transportation specialists convened3 to set much-needed standards for buses， including those for color， height， and width as well as safety rules that hadn’t previously been set or that varied by state. Stop signs used to be yellow， and much more recently than you think.
校车是怎么变成黄色的？
考虑到整改学校交通系统的必要性，西尔组织了一个会议——这个会议永久改变了校车的未来。学校官员和交通专家召开会议，为校车制定急需的标准，包括以前没有制定过的或因州而异的校车的颜色、高度、宽度，以及安全规则。停车标志以前是黄色的，而且并不是你想象中很久之前的事情。
Why are school buses yellow？
There were many different bus colors in the United States before this conference; several districts even planned to have red， white， and blue buses as a way of promoting patriotism4 among students. Cyr presented his new options to education officials， a reported “50 shades ranging from lemon yellow to deep orange-red”. The matter was settled quickly. Yellow， or “National School Bus Glossy Yellow”， as it is officially called by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration， was chosen for its high visibility5 and the way it emphasized the bold， black writing that would be on the side of each bus to denote6 its respective school district. This yellow color is an important factor for vehicles that travel during early morning and late afternoon hours. Color has always been important to our daily routine—check out the reason our traffic lights are red， yellow， and green. Thirty-five states made the changes promptly， and every state was on board by 1974.
为什么校车是黄色的？
在这次会议之前，美国的巴士有许多不同的颜色;有些地区甚至计划以红、白、蓝色的巴士提升学生的爱国精神。西尔向教育官员们展示了他的新选择——据报道有“50种从柠檬黄到深橙红色不等的渐变色”。这件事情很快就定下来了。黄色，即被国家公路交通安全管理局正式称为“全国校车亮黄色”的颜色被选中了，原因是它的高可见度，可以突出每辆校车侧面加粗的黑体字以表示其各自的学区。这种黄色对于在清晨和下午晚些时候行驶的车辆非常重要。颜色一直对我们的日常生活很重要——看看我们的交通灯是红色、黄色和绿色的原因。35个州迅速做出了改变，到1974年，每个州都赞同了该方案。
Dubbed7 the “father of the yellow school bus”， Frank Cyr’s legacy8 has definitely affected your life if you ever rode a school bus or saw that familiar hue9 pulling up to your stop on a dusky morning.
如果你曾经坐过校车，或者在一个昏暗的早晨看到熟悉的色调停在你的车站旁，那么被誉为“黄色校车之父”的弗兰克·西尔的遗产肯定已经影响了你的生活。
Back in April 1939 and armed with a $5，000 grant1 supplied by the Rockefeller Foundation， Columbia University Teachers College professor Frank Cyr took a tour of ten states to gauge2 the extent of school transportation issues. What he found proved that student transportation was in a sorry state—many students had no dependable way to get to school and the ones who did often traveled in unsafe， unstandardized buses. Today， one of the huge variations in school transportation is the bus color， which leads us to ask， why are school buses yellow now？
承認吧，你一直想知道！
1939年4月，有了洛克菲勒基金会提供的5000美元的补助金，哥伦比亚大学师范学院教授弗兰克·西尔参观了十个州来考量学校交通问题的程度。他的发现证明了学生的交通状况很糟糕——许多学生没有可靠的方式去上学，他们经常乘坐不安全、不标准的汽车去上学。今天，学校交通的巨大变化之一是车的颜色，这让我们想问，为什么现在的校车是黄色的？
How did school buses become yellow？
Seeing a need to fix this system， Cyr organized a conference—one that would change the future of school buses forever. School officials and transportation specialists convened3 to set much-needed standards for buses， including those for color， height， and width as well as safety rules that hadn’t previously been set or that varied by state. Stop signs used to be yellow， and much more recently than you think.
校车是怎么变成黄色的？
考虑到整改学校交通系统的必要性，西尔组织了一个会议——这个会议永久改变了校车的未来。学校官员和交通专家召开会议，为校车制定急需的标准，包括以前没有制定过的或因州而异的校车的颜色、高度、宽度，以及安全规则。停车标志以前是黄色的，而且并不是你想象中很久之前的事情。
Why are school buses yellow？
There were many different bus colors in the United States before this conference; several districts even planned to have red， white， and blue buses as a way of promoting patriotism4 among students. Cyr presented his new options to education officials， a reported “50 shades ranging from lemon yellow to deep orange-red”. The matter was settled quickly. Yellow， or “National School Bus Glossy Yellow”， as it is officially called by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration， was chosen for its high visibility5 and the way it emphasized the bold， black writing that would be on the side of each bus to denote6 its respective school district. This yellow color is an important factor for vehicles that travel during early morning and late afternoon hours. Color has always been important to our daily routine—check out the reason our traffic lights are red， yellow， and green. Thirty-five states made the changes promptly， and every state was on board by 1974.
为什么校车是黄色的？
在这次会议之前，美国的巴士有许多不同的颜色;有些地区甚至计划以红、白、蓝色的巴士提升学生的爱国精神。西尔向教育官员们展示了他的新选择——据报道有“50种从柠檬黄到深橙红色不等的渐变色”。这件事情很快就定下来了。黄色，即被国家公路交通安全管理局正式称为“全国校车亮黄色”的颜色被选中了，原因是它的高可见度，可以突出每辆校车侧面加粗的黑体字以表示其各自的学区。这种黄色对于在清晨和下午晚些时候行驶的车辆非常重要。颜色一直对我们的日常生活很重要——看看我们的交通灯是红色、黄色和绿色的原因。35个州迅速做出了改变，到1974年，每个州都赞同了该方案。
Dubbed7 the “father of the yellow school bus”， Frank Cyr’s legacy8 has definitely affected your life if you ever rode a school bus or saw that familiar hue9 pulling up to your stop on a dusky morning.
如果你曾经坐过校车，或者在一个昏暗的早晨看到熟悉的色调停在你的车站旁，那么被誉为“黄色校车之父”的弗兰克·西尔的遗产肯定已经影响了你的生活。