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中国可持续发展目标能否实现的关键是能源工业能否实现可持续发展。能源可持续发展战略的主要特点是发展的永续性和替代性，当今世界能源发展战略是以可持续发展为目标的“效率—替代—多极化”战略。我国正处在能源结构大调整时期，文中提出了我国能源及煤炭工业可持续发展战略的基本设想。
The key to whether China’s sustainable development goals can be achieved is whether the energy industry can achieve sustainable development. The main characteristics of the sustainable energy development strategy are the sustainability and substitution of development. The current world energy development strategy is the “efficiency-substitution-multipolarization” strategy that aims at sustainable development. China is in a period of major adjustments in its energy structure. The text proposes a basic concept for the sustainable development strategy of China’s energy and coal industries.