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目的了解农村地区儿童监护人预防接种知识的知晓率,以便为农村地区儿童监护人进行有效的预防接种知识宣传提供科学依据。方法 2013年10月采用简单随机抽样的方法,抽取河南省农村2个县区8个乡镇400名0~5岁常住儿童监护人进行预防接种知识问卷调查,并用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行分析。结果河南省农村地区儿童监护人预防接种知识总体知晓率为76.00%,不同类型、不同文化程度、不同收入水平农村地区儿童监护人预防接种知识总体知晓率不同(P<0.05)。“糖丸是否有不良反应”的知晓率为12.50%,“是否知道脊灰灭活疫苗”的知晓率最低,为10.50%。91.75%的农村儿童监护人与医生交流过疫苗接种有关知识,医生是农村地区儿童监护人获取知识的主要途径(占98.00%),也是农村地区儿童监护人获取知识最信任的途径(占96.25%)。结论 2013年河南省部分农村地区儿童监护人预防接种知识知晓情况不均衡,免疫规划工作存在薄弱环节。
Objective To know the awareness rate of vaccination knowledge of guardians of children in rural areas in order to provide a scientific basis for educating guardians of children in rural areas about effective vaccination. Methods A simple random sampling method was used in October 2013 to collect 400 guardians from 0 to 5 years of age in 8 towns and villages in 2 rural counties in Henan Province to conduct questionnaire on knowledge of vaccination and analyze the data using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Results The overall awareness rate of vaccination coverage among children guardians in rural areas of Henan Province was 76.00%. The awareness of vaccination knowledge among children guardians of different types, education levels and income levels in different rural areas was different (P <0.05). “Sugar pills have adverse reactions,” the awareness rate was 12.50%, “know whether the polio inactivated vaccine ” awareness of the lowest 10.50%. 91.75% of rural children’s guardians exchanged information about their vaccination with doctors. Doctors are the main ways to obtain knowledge of children in rural areas (98.00%) and the most trusted way for guardians of children in rural areas (96.25%). Conclusion The awareness of vaccination knowledge of child guardians in some rural areas of Henan Province in 2013 is not balanced, and the immunization planning work has weak links.