Through petroleum exploration of 20 years, a new petroleum production area has been constructed in Hailar Basin. Their petroleum geological characteristics and hydrocarbon distribution has been known in detail. The Hailar Basin is a basin group consisted of many scattered sub-basins with similar structural developed history. Each sub-basin has unique hydrocarbon distributing rules, including (1) oil/gas reservoir distribution is controlled by the oil/gas sag, and the oil/gas bearing in big sag is rich; (2) underwater fan and turbidity fan are the most favorable reservoirs; structure zone controlled by main fault is favorable zone of forming composite oil/gas accumulation; (3) lower fault-block in higher rise and higher fault-block in lower rise are favorable to oil/gas accumulation; (4) deep fault and granite body are closely re-lated to oil/gas reservoir, its distributing area is favorable area of oil and mantle source non-hydrocarbon gas formation; (5) higher geothermal area is favorable oil/gas bearing area. Through petroleum exploration of 20 years, a new petroleum production area has been constructed in Hailar Basin. Their petroleum geological characteristics and hydrocarbon distribution has been known in detail. The Hailar Basin is a basin group consisted of many scattered sub-basins with similar designed developed each sub-basin has unique hydrocarbon distribution rules, including (1) oil / gas reservoir distribution is controlled by the oil / gas sag, and the oil / gas bearing in big sag is rich; (2) underwater fan and turbidity fan are the most favorable reservoirs; structure zone controlled by main fault is favorable zone of forming composite oil / gas accumulation; (3) lower fault-block in higher rise and higher fault-block in lower rise are favorable to oil / gas accumulation; ( 4) deep fault and granite body are closely re-landed to oil / gas reservoir, its distributing area is favorable area of ​​oil and mantle source non-hydrocarbon gas formation; (5) h igher geothermal area is favorable oil / gas bearing area.