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在《纯粹理性批判》的基础上,康德在《实践理性批判》中阐述了他关于自由的思想。自由在康德哲学中有先验的自由和实践的自由两种含义。自由是道德法则的存在基础,道德法则是自由的认识条件。马克思在扬弃德国古典哲学自由观和古典经济学劳动价值论的基础上,找到了解开自由之谜的钥匙——劳动,把自由建立在客观实践的基础上,为人类正确理解自由奠定了坚实的物质基础,使人类拥有了获得自由的理论指导工具,从而使自由具有了现实性,开辟了人类通往自由之路。
On the basis of “Critique of Pure Reason”, Kant elaborates his thoughts on freedom in “Critique of Practical Reason.” Freedom has two meanings of a priori and freedom of practice in Kant’s philosophy. Freedom is the foundation of the moral law, and the moral law is the freedom to know the conditions. On the basis of abandoning the concept of freedom of German classical philosophy and the theory of labor value of classical economics, Marx found the key to solving the mystery of freedom - labor, which established freedom on the basis of objective practice and laid a solid foundation for mankind’s correct understanding of freedom The material basis for mankind possesses the theoretical guidance tools to gain freedom, so that freedom has the reality and opens up the road to human freedom.