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胆汁酸的代谢和生化特性胆汁酸是胆汁的主要成分,占胆汁总固体量的50～70%,其化学结构是环戊烷多氢菲为核心的24碳羧酸胆烷系.胆汁酸仅在肝脏合成,通过肽键与甘氨酸或牛磺酸结合成甘氨胆酸(G)或牛磺胆酸(T),末端离子化,正常人胆汁中G/T比值约为3,可能是因为肝内甘氨酸多于牛磺酸.人服用牛磺酸后G/T比值下降,相反,若以强硷性阴离子交换树脂阻断肠肝循环以促进肝内胆汁酸合成时,由于牛磺酸相对不足,G/T比值明显升高.在胆汁中,胆汁酸一部分以自由酸的形式存在,另一部分则以其钠盐或钾盐的形式存在,称为胆汁酸盐(简称胆盐).细菌能水解胆盐,产生胆汁酸和甘氨酸或牛磺酸.
Bile acid metabolism and biochemical characteristics Bile acid is the main component of bile, accounting for 50 to 70% of the total bile solids, the chemical structure of cyclopentane hydrogen-hydrogen-Philippines as the core of the 24 carbon acid bile acid system. Synthesis in the liver, glycine or taurine binding to glycocholic acid (G) or taurocholic acid (T) by peptide bonds, terminal ionization, the G / T ratio of normal human bile is about 3, probably because Intrahepatic glycine more than taurine.After taking taurine, the G / T ratio decreased, on the contrary, if the strong alkaline anion exchange resin to block enterohepatic circulation to promote intrahepatic bile acid synthesis, due to taurine relative Insufficient, G / T ratio was significantly increased in the bile, bile acid part of the form of free acid, the other part of its sodium or potassium salt in the form of existence, known as bile salts (referred to as bile salts) Can hydrolyze bile salts, produce bile acids and glycine or taurine.