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目的了解重庆市2010-2012年手足口病病原流行特征,为手足口病防制提供科学依据。方法在重庆全市所有区县开展手足口病病原监测,分析病原的时空和人群分布特征,探讨其变化趋势。结果重庆市2010、2011、2012年手足口病主要病原分别为柯萨奇病毒A16型(Cox A16)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和其他肠道病毒(χ2=383.75,P<0.01)。全年各月病原构成比例差异有统计学意义(χ2=260.14,P<0.01),EV71所占成比例在4-7月出现高峰。2010年和2012年主城地区与郊县地区在手足口病病原构成比例基本一致,而2011年差异有统计学意义(χ2=59.64,P<0.01),主城地区EV71感染比例远高于郊县地区(39.2%vs 30.7%)。不同病例类型中,轻症、重症和死亡病例中EV71感染比例分别为32.3%、77.0%和97.3%。结论 2010-2012年,重庆市手足口病主要病原出现年度交替变化,全年各月病原构成比例存在差异,主城和郊县地区病原构成比例不完全一致,重症和死亡病例中EV71感染比例居高不下。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Chongqing from 2010 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of HFMD. Methods The pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease were monitored in all districts and counties in the city of Chongqing. The distribution characteristics of pathogen and population were analyzed, and their changing trends were discussed. Results The main pathogens of HFMD in Chongqing in 2010, 2011 and 2012 were Cox A16, EV71 and other enteroviruses (χ2 = 383.75, P <0.01). There were significant differences in the proportion of pathogen in each month (χ2 = 260.14, P <0.01), and the proportion of EV71 peaked in April-July. In 2010 and 2012, the proportions of pathogens in HFMD in the main urban areas and suburban counties were basically the same, while the difference in 2011 was statistically significant (χ2 = 59.64, P <0.01). The proportion of EV71 infections in the main urban areas was much higher than that in suburbs County District (39.2% vs 30.7%). Among the different types of cases, EV71 infection rates in mild, severe and fatal cases were 32.3%, 77.0% and 97.3%, respectively. Conclusion From 2010 to 2012, the major pathogens of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Chongqing are changing year by year. The proportions of pathogens in each month of the year are different. The proportions of pathogens in the main urban and suburban counties are not exactly the same. High up.