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为了使天线系统接收和显示的信号更清晰,达到消除系统噪声和电磁干扰的目的,针对中国科学院新疆天文台南山观测基地对射电天文观测和深空探测(探月工程和火星探测)的特殊要求,利用Matlab/Simulink强大的数值计算与仿真功能实现了一种依据自适应方法滤除噪声的滤波器。首先选择脉冲星1910+0728和1913-0440的观测信号为滤波参考信号。在Matlab上通过编写M文件设计了滤波算法并有效滤除了噪声。然后运用Simulink进行建模仿真,通过不断改变系统阶数与步长找到了滤波效果最好的自适应滤波器,确定了其最优参数为8阶,迭代步长为0.005。实验表明在这种阶数和步长下,滤波器能在保证快速滤波的前提下有效地还原接收信号的轮廓,将偏差降到最小。仿真最终结果表明自适应滤波器滤波效果良好,实用性强,满足了射电天文观测和探月的需求。
In order to make the signals received and displayed by the antenna system clearer and achieve the purpose of eliminating system noise and electromagnetic interference, according to the special requirements of radio astronomy observation and deep space exploration (lunar exploration project and Mars exploration) of the Nanshan Observation Base of the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Using Matlab / Simulink’s powerful numerical computation and simulation capabilities, a filter that filters out noise based on adaptive methods is implemented. First select the observed signals of pulsars 1910 + 0728 and 1913-0440 as filtered reference signals. In Matlab by writing M files designed filter algorithm and effectively filter out the noise. Then using Simulink for modeling and simulation, we find the best filter adaptive filter by changing the order and the step of the system. The optimal parameters are 8 orders and the iteration step is 0.005. Experiments show that in this order and step length, the filter can effectively restore the contour of the received signal under the premise of ensuring fast filtering, to minimize the deviation. The simulation results show that the adaptive filter has a good filtering effect and strong practicability, which meets the needs of radio astronomy observation and lunar exploration.