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目的:初步了解云南地区部分HIV感染儿童的口腔健康状况。方法:采用横断面研究设计,对昆明市第三医院感染科28例(女16例,男12例)HIV感染儿童进行口腔检查,记录软组织损害、牙齿龋坏情况,通过问卷询问家长获得儿童人口流行病学信息、口腔卫生行为、饮食习惯和求医行为,通过治疗记录获得最近的CD4+T细胞计数,病毒载量、全身情况、用药等信息。结果:50%的儿童有一至多种口腔损害,口腔念珠菌病(OC)是HIV感染儿童最常发生的口腔损害(10例,占35.7%),其中以假膜型为主要表现形式(占28.6%),其次为牙龈炎(4例,占14.3%)。发生口腔念珠菌病儿童中有70%的CD4计数<200 cells/μL。约一半儿童尚未接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗。结论:假膜型口腔念珠菌病是HIV感染儿童最常见的口腔病损,可能与CD4水平偏低和病毒载量偏高有关。
Objective: To understand the oral health status of some HIV-infected children in Yunnan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed. Oral examination was performed on 28 children (16 males and 12 females) infected with HIV from the Infectious Diseases Section of the Third Hospital of Kunming. The soft tissue damage and tooth decay were recorded. Questionnaires were made to obtain the child population Epidemiological information, oral health behaviors, dietary habits and medical treatment are collected from the treatment records for recent CD4 + T cell counts, viral load, general condition, medication and more. Results: One or more oral lesions were found in 50% of children. Oral candidiasis (OC) was the most common oral cavity damage in HIV-infected children (10 cases, 35.7%). Pseudomembranous type was the main manifestation (28.6% %), Followed by gingivitis (4 cases, 14.3%). 70% of children with oral candidiasis have CD4 counts <200 cells / μL. About half of children have not yet received effective antiretroviral treatment. CONCLUSION: Fungal diaphragm-type candidiasis is the most common oral lesion in HIV-infected children, which may be related to the low CD4 level and high viral load.