解应用题的主要困难在于列方程困难。而列方程的难易又取决于设元是否合理.本文针对题目的特征,介绍设元的若干技巧.一、根据题问,直接设元例1分一堆苹果给三只猴子,第一只猴子分得了这一堆苹果的一半少一个.第二只猴子分得了余下的一半多一个.第三只猴子分得了余下的8个苹果,这一堆苹果有多少个? The main difficulty in solving an application problem lies in the difficulty of listing equations. The difficulty of the column equation depends on whether the design element is reasonable or not. This article describes the characteristics of the topic and introduces some techniques for designing the element. First, based on the question, directly set the example 1 point and a pile of apples to three monkeys, the first one. The monkeys were half of the pile of apples. The second monkey scored the remaining more than half. The third monkey had the remaining 8 apples. How many of this pile of apples?