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目的了解2012-2014年平顶山市手足口病聚集性疫情的病原学特征,为聚集性疫情防控提供依据。方法采用实时荧光RT-PCR的方法对聚集性疫情标本进行检测,对检测结果进行描述性分析。结果 2012-2014年共对平顶山市76起手足口病聚集性疫情的195份标本进行了检测,阳性69起,阳性检出率90.79%,单一病原感染60起,混合病原感染9起,单一病原EV71感染最多(39起),占56.52%。不同年份间病原构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.13,P=0.001)。高峰期和低峰期优势病原均为EV71。除石龙区外,其他9个县(市、区)的聚集性疫情均有阳性检出,且优势病原均为EV71。不同类型聚集性疫情单一、混合感染均有检出,且均以EV71感染为主。不同疫情规模均有混合感染发生。不同病原间疫情持续时间差异无统计学意义(F=1.38,P=0.256)。结论平顶山市要加强手足口病聚集性疫情病原学监测,加大采样力度,有效控制聚集性疫情的发生。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of HFMD epidemic in Pingdingshan City during 2012-2014 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of cluster epidemic disease. Methods The real-time fluorescence RT-PCR method was used to detect the aggregated epidemic samples and the descriptive analysis of the test results. Results A total of 195 specimens from 76 aggregated outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease in Pingdingshan City were detected in 2012-2014. The positive rate was 69, the positive rate was 90.79%, the single pathogen infection was 60, the mixed pathogen infection was 9, and the single pathogen EV71 infection the most (39), accounting for 56.52%. There were significant differences in pathogen composition between different years (χ ~ 2 = 23.13, P = 0.001). The dominant pathogens at peak and low peak were EV71. Except for Shilong District, the aggregated epidemics in 9 other counties (cities and districts) were detected positive, and the dominant pathogens were all EV71. Different types of aggregate epidemic single, mixed infections were detected, and are mainly EV71 infection. Different epidemics have mixed infection occurred. There was no significant difference in the duration of the epidemic among different pathogens (F = 1.38, P = 0.256). Conclusion Pingdingshan should strengthen the etiological surveillance of aggregated epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease, increase the sampling intensity and effectively control the occurrence of aggregated epidemic.