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随着美国国内石油和天然气需求量的增加,以及要求能源政策(布什政府颁布的)进行革新呼声的增大,不断地给开发西部矿产资源施加压力。中东地区的政治动荡也进一步加剧了这些国内能源政策的改革呼声。同时,由于20世纪50年代和70年代的能源热潮,勘探公司提出了新的租赁、勘探和发展规划,导致经济利益冲突并且给环境和社会造成了诸多不利影响。那么美国地方和中央政府要怎样处理这种情况呢?它们如何做出监管选择和执行行动?公众要通过怎样的方式才能参与政策制定和后续监管环节呢?
As the domestic demand for oil and natural gas in the United States increases and calls for reform in the energy policy (promulgated by the Bush administration) continue to exert pressure on the development of mineral resources in the western region. The political turmoil in the Middle East also further exacerbated the reform calls for these domestic energy policies. At the same time, due to the energy boom of the 1950s and 1970s, exploration companies proposed new plans for leasing, exploration and development, leading to conflicts of economic interest and to the detrimental effects on the environment and society. So how do the U.S. and central governments handle this situation? How do they make regulatory choices and implement actions? How can the public participate in policy making and follow-up supervision?