在评价一国某个产业是否具有国际竞争力时,理论界主要使用贸易竞争力指数、显示性比较优势指数、显示性竞争优势指数等三个指标。但在评价企业竞争力方面,利润指标具有更多的优势:首先它是衡量企业投入产出经济效益的最好指标。其次,一国企业或产业扩大进出口份额、提高生产率均是以获取利润为目的,如果不讲经济效益,扩大出口或提高生产率在一些情况下将带来负面影响,并影响竞争力。研究表明,中国的服装产业在三个竞争力评价指标中均是排 In assessing whether an industry in a country is internationally competitive, theorists mainly use three indicators: trade competitiveness index, display comparative advantage index, and display competitive advantage index. However, in evaluating the competitiveness of enterprises, profit indicators have more advantages: First of all, it is the best measure of the economic efficiency of enterprises input-output. Second, for a country’s enterprises or industries to expand their share of imports and exports and increase their productivity, profit-making is aimed at. Without economic benefits, expanding exports or increasing productivity will in some cases have a negative impact and will affect competitiveness. Research shows that China’s garment industry ranks among the three competitiveness evaluation indexes