虽除結核杆菌之外尚有其它耐酸性分枝杆菌的存在,但其临床的重要性在非特殊性治疗的时代并不重要。然而,在抗結核化学葯物应用得到进展和注意到分枝杆菌对耐葯性的重要性后,才逐漸引起对其致病因素的重視。現在認識到它們可在肺部及身体其它部分引起类似典型結核病的疾病,常称为非典型結核病或分枝杆菌病。作者根据結核病住院167例中所发现之7例(4％)肺分枝杆菌病患者,将其与結核病鑑别的經驗作一介紹。細菌学:此种引致与肺結核病临床不能鑑别的未分类、尚未定名或非典型的耐酸杆菌目前分为下 Although there are other Mycobacterium acidostris other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis, its clinical importance is not important in an age of non-specific treatment. However, progress in the application of anti-TB chemicals and noting the importance of mycobacterial drug resistance have led to the gradual rise of their causal factors. It is now recognized that they can cause diseases like the typical tuberculosis in the lungs and other parts of the body, often called atypical tuberculosis or mycobacterial disease. Based on the seven cases (4%) of patients with mycobacterium tuberculosis found in 167 cases of tuberculosis hospitalization, the authors describe their experiences with tuberculosis identification. Bacteriology: This unclassified, unspecified or atypical acid-fast bacillus, which has led to the clinical identification of tuberculosis, is currently subdivided into