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目的:比较耐力运动及力竭运动对大鼠血液及肝脏中铁调素(hepcidin)表达的影响,并测定分析与之相关的铁代谢指标、低氧应答因子、炎性因子、抗菌肽活性相关指标的变化趋势.方法:雌性SD大鼠30只,随机分为对照组(n=10)、耐力运动组(n=10)、力竭运动组(n=10),对照组不运动,耐力运动组和力竭运动组分别采用为期4周的中等运动强度跑台训练和力竭运动强度跑台训练对大鼠进行干预,而后分别采集血样,进行血常规指标及血清中铁转运因子、低氧应答因子、炎性因子及抗菌肽活性相关指标测定;取肝脏标本,固定、包埋、切片后,利用免疫组织化学染色分别测定不同组别动物肝脏中hepcidin、低氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)、核转录因子kappa b(NF-κB)含量.结果:与对照组相比,4周耐力性运动后大鼠血清中hepcidin水平降低(P＜0.05),促红细胞生成素(EPO)浓度升高(P＜0.05),白细胞介素6(IL-6)浓度下降(P＜0.01).与对照组相比,4周力竭性运动后大鼠血清及肝脏中hepcidin水平升高(P＜0.01),EPO浓度降低(P＜0.01),同时伴有血清及肝脏中HIF-1α表达增加(P＜0.01),血清转铁蛋白(TF)、可溶性转铁蛋白受体(sTFR)水平降低(P＜0.01),血清中白细胞介素1(IL-1)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平显著升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.001,P＜0.001,P＜0.001);同时血清中与hepcidin抗菌肽活性相关的toll样受体4(TLR4)、NF-κB水平均显著升高(P＜0.001).结论:4周耐力性运动可下调大鼠血清中hepcidin水平;而4周力竭性运动可使大鼠血清及肝脏中hepcidin水平显著上调,提示不同运动方式对hepcidin的影响存在明显差异.“,”Objective To compare the different effects of endurance and exhaustive exercises on hepcidin in the blood and liver,and determine the changes of related indexes about iron metabolism and hypoxia response,and of inflammatory and antimicrobial activity factors.Methods Thiry female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10),an endurance exercise group (n=10) and an exhaustive exercise group (n=10).Then 4 weeks of endurance and exhaustive treadmill training were given to different exercise groups respectively.Blood samples were collected,the routine indexes of the whole blood,and the serum indexes about iron metabolism,hypoxia response,inflammatory and antimicrobial activity factors were measured.Meanwhile,liver samples were fixed,embedded and sliced,and the expression of hepcidin,hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and nuclear factor of kappa b (NF-κB) of different groups were measured using the immunochemistry staining.Results Compared with the control group,after 4-week endurance exercises,there was significant increase in the concentration of erythropoietin (EPO),but significant differences in the level of serum hepcidin and interleukin 6 (IL-6).However,after 4 weeks of exhaustive exercise,significant increase was observed in the level of hepcidin and the expression of HIF-1α in the serum and liver,as well as the serum interleukin 1 (IL-1),IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α and C reactive protein,but significant decrease was found in the concentration of serum EPO and the level of serum TF and sTFR compared to the control group.Moreover,there was significant increase in the level of toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κB,which is correlated with the antimicrobial peptide activity of hepcidin compared between the exhaustive and control group.Conclusions Four-week endurance exercise down-regulates the level of serum hepcidin,while 4-week exhaustive exercise increases the hepcidin level in the serum and liver significantly.Therefore,different exercises can result in totally different effect on the hepcidin level.