一、前言水合是一种加成反应,水是作为一种反应物参加反应并只形成一种产物,许多不饱和的有机化合物能和水分子起加成反应,得到像醇、醛、酮等含氧的有机化合物。被加成的不饱和键有:(?)C=C(?)、—C≡C—、(?)C=O、(?)C=N—、—C≡N 等。环氧烷烃的开环水解也被认为是一种水合反应。和碳—碳重键的加成反应不同,碳—杂原子重键的加成反应一般来说比较简单。碳—杂原子重键本身已被强烈地极 I. INTRODUCTION Hydration is an addition reaction. Water acts as a reactant and forms only one product. Many unsaturated organic compounds react with water to give alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, etc. Oxygen-containing organic compounds. Addition of unsaturated bond: () C = C (?), -C? C -, (?) C = O, (?) C = N-, -C? N and so on. Ring opening hydrolysis of alkylene oxide is also considered a hydration reaction. Different from the addition reaction of carbon-carbon multiple bond, the addition reaction of carbon-heteroatom multiple bond is generally simpler. The carbon-heteroatom heavy bond itself has been strongly polar