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目的调查分析邢台市城乡成年居民眼睑黄色瘤流行病学特征。方法对邢台市城乡成年居民眼睑黄色瘤发生者进行年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、体力活动等情况登记后,进行身高(m)、体重(kg)和腰围(WC)的测量以及血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的检测。其中体重指数(BMI)和WC有1项超标者视为超重或肥胖;TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C有1项超标者视为血脂异常。结果眼睑黄色瘤在≤39岁以前发生率为零,在≥40岁以后,随年龄的增长眼睑黄色瘤的发生呈逐渐增多趋势,城市高于乡村,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.30,P<0.05);女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=99.68,P<0.01)。在118例眼睑黄色瘤患者中,BMI和(或)WC超标率为100%,血脂异常率为94.92%。结论眼睑黄色瘤多发生于中老年女性,超重或肥胖以及高脂血症是发生眼睑黄色瘤的危险因素,同时也是发生心脑血管疾病和糖尿病的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of eyelid xanthomas in urban and rural areas in Xingtai City. Methods The age, gender, education level, occupation and physical activity of eyelid xanthomas in urban and rural areas of Xingtai city were recorded. Height (m), body weight (kg) and waist circumference (WC) were measured and serum total cholesterol TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were measured. The body mass index (BMI) and WC were considered as overweight or obese as 1 obesity. One of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C was regarded as dyslipidemia. Results The incidence of eyelid xanthomas before age ≤39 was zero. After ≥40 years of age, the incidence of eyelid xanthomas increased gradually with the increase of age, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.30, P <0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between women and men (χ2 = 99.68, P <0.01). In 118 patients with eyelid xanthomas, the BMI and / or WC excess rate was 100% and the dyslipidemia rate was 94.92%. Conclusions Eyelid xanthomas occur in middle-aged and elderly women. Overweight or obesity and hyperlipidemia are the risk factors of eyelid xanthomas. They are also risk factors of cardiovascular and diabetes mellitus.