本文试图从文学名著《水浒传》中的几个关键人物入手,通过对其言行及性格特征的剖析和思考,从而探讨了中国儒学的几个重要特征,并进一步论述了其对国人心态的影响和社会发展的作用,指出了儒学道德表现的几个关键性弱点,而这正是制约社会进步的要害。文章又从中西方近代史发展的对比中,强调如果仍墨守成规,认定儒家思想的缺陷也是做人之本,社会的发展必将举步维艰,呼吁国人以富于创造的精神,饱满的热情,打破教条主义建设一个竞争、民主、开放,永立不败之地的强国形象! This article attempts to start from the literary masterpiece “Outlaws of the Marsh” in several key figures, through his analysis of words and deeds and character traits and thinking, which explores several important characteristics of Chinese Confucianism, and further discusses its impact on people’s mentality And the role of social development, pointed out several key weaknesses of Confucianism’s moral performance, and this is precisely the key to restrain social progress. In the contrast of the development of modern history in China and the West, the article emphasizes that if we stick to conventions and finds that the defects of Confucianism are also the basis for being a human being, the development of our society will be struggling in a difficult manner. We call on people of our country to break the dogmatism construction with a spirit of creativity and full of enthusiasm A competitive, democratic, open, forever unbeaten power image!