目的探讨诊治急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的有效方法。方法回顾性分析2004年8月至2008年8月间收治的19例急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的诊断和治疗方法。结果2004年前诊治的12例中有5例死亡,2004年后行不同长度肠切除术+外周抗凝治疗及经肠系膜上动脉插管持续应用尿激酶溶栓治疗,7例病人均存活。结论急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成应尽早诊治,选择性肠系膜上动脉造影并留置导管持续给予溶栓治疗是一具有诊断与治疗双重作用的好方法。 Objective To discuss the effective method of diagnosis and treatment of acute superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. Methods The diagnosis and treatment of 19 cases of acute superior mesenteric vein thrombosis admitted from August 2004 to August 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 12 cases diagnosed and treated before 2004, 5 cases died. After 2004, different lengths of enteral resection plus peripheral anticoagulation therapy and continuous urokinase thrombolysis through the superior mesenteric artery were performed. All 7 patients survived. Conclusions Acute upper mesenteric vein thrombosis should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible, and selective mesenteric artery angiography and indwelling catheter for continuous thrombolytic therapy are a good method for diagnosis and treatment of dual thrombosis.