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目的了解江苏省社区糖尿病患者的自我效能水平,探讨影响糖尿病患者自我效能的因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,用中文版糖尿病管理自我效能量表对江苏省904名社区糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。结果共发放问卷904份,收回有效问卷875份,有效回收率为96.8%。社区糖尿病患者的自我效能平均得分为143.13±34.41分,平均得分率为71.5%;自我效能的4个维度得分率分别是:锻炼69.7%、饮食72.3%、医疗82.2%、自我监测88.7%;多元线性回归分析结果显示影响糖尿病患者自我效能水平的因素有文化程度、患病年限、是否知道自己所患糖尿病的类型和是否主动了解糖尿病信息(P<0.01)。结论江苏省社区糖尿病患者的自我效能水平有待提高,尤其是锻炼和饮食维度的自我效能水平;通过健康教育赋权和技能培训,着重提高文化程度低、患病年限短、不知道自己所患糖尿病的类型、不主动了解糖尿病信息的社区糖尿病患者的自我效能水平。
Objective To understand the self-efficacy of diabetic patients in community-based community in Jiangsu Province and to explore the factors affecting the self-efficacy of diabetic patients. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 904 community diabetic patients in Jiangsu Province using the Chinese version of Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale. Results A total of 904 questionnaires were sent out, 875 valid questionnaires were withdrawn, and the effective recovery rate was 96.8%. The average self-efficacy score of community diabetes patients was 143.13 ± 34.41, with an average score of 71.5%. The scores of self-efficacy in four dimensions were 69.7% for exercise, 72.3% for diet, 82.2% for medical treatment and 88.7% for self-monitoring. The results of linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the self-efficacy of diabetic patients were education level, length of illness, whether they knew the type of diabetes mellitus and whether they took the initiative to understand the information of diabetes mellitus (P <0.01). Conclusion The self-efficacy of diabetic patients in community should be improved, especially in self-efficacy of exercise and diet. Through empowerment and skill training of health education, the emphasis should be put on the low education, short duration of illness, The type of self-efficacy of community-based diabetics who do not take the initiative to understand diabetes information.