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目的探讨钢铁厂工人噪声暴露与高血压发病风险的关系。方法使用计算机联机检索国内外数据库,通过关键词收集相关研究文献,提取数据后使用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共检索到3 392篇相关文献,经筛选后纳入12篇文献,涉及我国6个地区。使用随机效应模型对各组效应量进行合并,钢铁厂暴露噪声组高血压的发病风险是未暴露组的2.09倍(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.68~2.60)。其中当噪声暴露量为<85 d B(A)时合并OR为1.24(95%CI:0.60~2.54),85~d B(A)时合并OR为1.74(95%CI:1.27~2.37),95~d B(A)时合并OR为3.38(95%CI:2.61~4.37),≥105 d B(A)时合并OR为5.51(95%CI:3.84~7.90)。剂量-反应关系结果表明当钢铁厂噪声增加时,高血压发病风险随之增加。经敏感性分析及发表偏倚检验,Meta分析结果稳定。结论钢铁厂噪声可能使我国职业工人血压升高,且患高血压的危险性随噪声暴露等级增高而逐渐增加。
Objective To investigate the relationship between noise exposure and the risk of hypertension in steel factory workers. Methods The computer was used to search databases both at home and abroad. The relevant research documents were collected through keywords and Meta analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 3 392 related articles were retrieved and 12 articles were screened and involved 6 regions in China. Random effects models were used to combine the effects of each group, with a 2.09-fold greater risk of hypertension in the exposed steel-exposed group (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.68 to 2.60). The combined OR was 1.24 (95% CI: 0.60 ~ 2.54) when the noise exposure was <85 d B (A) and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.27 ~ 2.37) at 85 ~ OR of 3.38 (95% CI: 2.61 ~ 4.37) at 95 ~ d B (A) and 5.51 (95% CI: 3.84 ~ 7.90) at ≥105 d B (A). The dose-response relationship results show that as the noise from the steelworks increases, the risk of developing hypertension increases. After the sensitivity analysis and publication bias test, the results of Meta analysis were stable. Conclusion The noise of steel mills may cause the blood pressure of occupational workers in our country to increase, and the risk of suffering from hypertension gradually increases with the increase of noise exposure level.