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目的:分析黄芩花、茎叶、根和种子挥发油成分的差异。方法:采用共水蒸馏法分别提取黄芩不同器官中的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术并结合Kovats保留指数(KI)对比法对挥发油化学成分进行分析鉴定,运用面积归一化法确定各组分相对含量。结果:黄芩花中鉴定出53种化合物,占花挥发油总量的91.16%;茎叶中鉴定出48种化合物,占茎叶中挥发油总量的88.48%;根中鉴定出39种化合物,占根中挥发油总量的91.79%;种子中鉴定出32种化合物,占种子挥发油总量的84.58%。结论:黄芩花、茎叶、根和种子挥发油的成分和相对含量各不相同,均含有大量的活性成分,具有较高的应用潜力和综合开发前景。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the differences of the volatile oil components of flowers, stems and leaves, roots and seeds of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Methods: The volatile oil in different organs of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was extracted by co-water distillation. The chemical constituents of volatile oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Kovats retention index (KI) A method to determine the relative content of each component. Results: Fifty-three compounds were identified in Scutellaria baicalensis, accounting for 91.16% of the total volatile oils. Forty-eight compounds were identified in stems and leaves, accounting for 88.48% of the total volatile oils in stems and leaves. Thirty-nine compounds were identified in roots, 91.79% of the total volatile oil; 32 compounds were identified in the seed, accounting for 84.58% of the total volatile oil in the seed. Conclusion: The composition and relative content of volatile oil in flower, stem and leaf, root and seed of Scutellaria baicalensis have different contents and contain a large amount of active ingredients, which has high potential and comprehensive development prospect.