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目的应用微卫星DNA分子标志阐明我国大劣按蚊(广义)群体的遗传差异水平。方法研究样本包括经分子鉴别的大劣按蚊(海南省实验室品系和海南省毛阳野生群体)和大劣按蚊D种(云南省江城和云南省勐腊野生群体),扩增10个多态的微卫星DNA位点,用Arlequin软件分析和计算相关指标。结果对89个大劣按蚊样本进行微卫星位点的扩增,等位基因数范围为1～32个,平均值为3.60～25.20,并非所有微卫星位点在所有群体中均呈现多态性。群体的平均期望杂合度和观察杂合度的范围分别为0.49～0.72和0.36～0.58,两者在海南省群体中均为最低。成对群体间的FST值为负值或很小,提示群体间未出现遗传分化。分级AMOVA计算结果显示,大劣按蚊群体内的变异占总变异的103.29%,种内变异为负值(-3.97%),种间变异仅占总变异的0.67%。结论大劣按蚊与大劣按蚊D种内和种间遗传差异均非常小,微卫星DNA的变异主要在个体间。
Objective To use microsatellite DNA markers to elucidate the genetic diversity of Anopheles dirus (broad-sense) population in China. Methods: The samples included 10 species of Anopheles dirus (Hainan Laboratory strains and Mao Yang Wild Group) and Anopheles dirus (Drainage Group of Jiangcheng in Yunnan Province and Mengla of Yunnan Province), and amplified more than 10 State microsatellite DNA sites, using Arlequin software analysis and calculation of related indicators. Results The microsatellite loci of 89 Anopheles dirus samples were amplified with the number of alleles ranged from 1 to 32 with an average of 3.60 to 25.20. Not all microsatellite loci showed polymorphism in all populations Sex. The average expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.49 to 0.72 and 0.36 to 0.58, respectively, both of which were the lowest in Hainan Province. FST values between pairs were negative or small, suggesting no genetic differentiation among the populations. The results of grading AMOVA showed that the variation within Anopheles dirus group accounted for 103.29% of the total variation, the intraspecific variation was negative (-3.97%), and the interspecies variation accounted for only 0.67% of the total variation. Conclusion The intraspecies genetic diversity of Anopheles dirus and Anopheles dirus is very small. The variation of microsatellite DNA is mainly between individuals.