意识流是现代文学中的代表性流派,“意识流”一词源于美国心理学家威廉·詹姆斯发表的论文《论内省心理学所忽略的几个问题》,詹姆斯认为,意识是流动不息的,犹如流动的河水,可以称为思想流或意识流。弗洛伊德的精神分析学、柏格森的心理时间论等进一步丰富了意识流理论,为意识流文学的发展奠定了理论基础。意识流小说抛弃了传统写实小说的故事情节、景物框架,多用暗示、隐喻、影射、内心独白、自由联想等写作手法,用直接描写人物内心 The stream of consciousness is a representative genre in modern literature. The term “stream of consciousness” originates from a dissertation on the subject of introspective psychology by the American psychologist William James. According to James, consciousness is Flowing, like flowing river, can be called thought flow or stream of consciousness. Freud’s psychoanalysis and Bergson’s psychological time theory further enrich the theory of consciousness flow and lay a theoretical foundation for the development of consciousness flow literature. Stream of consciousness novel abandoned the story of the traditional realistic novels, the scene frame, the use of allusions, metaphors, mapping, monologue, free association and other writing techniques, with a direct description of the heart