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目的了解1963—2010年宝鸡市尘肺发病情况,探讨发病规律及原因,为宝鸡市尘肺病防治提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法对宝鸡市1963—2010年所有确诊的尘肺病病例进行统计分析。结果从1963—2010年,宝鸡市共诊断尘肺病病例328例,其中,死亡100例,病死率为30.49%。1980—1995年出现尘肺病发病的高峰(213例),1984—1993年出现尘肺病病例死亡高峰,累积死亡50例。尘肺病病例分布最多的行业依次是机械行业和有色金属行业;工种以掘进工、采煤工、铸造工、电焊工、喷砂工为主。结论宝鸡市的尘肺病以机械制造、有色金属和煤炭行业高发,以矽肺为主,加强职业健康监护,有利于早期发现尘肺病患者。
Objective To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Baoji City from 1963 to 2010, to explore the pathogenesis and causes of pneumoconiosis, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in Baoji. Methods A retrospective study was carried out to analyze all the cases of pneumoconiosis diagnosed in Baoji from 1963 to 2010. Results From 1963-2010, a total of 328 cases of pneumoconiosis were diagnosed in Baoji City, among which 100 cases were deaths and the case fatality rate was 30.49%. The peak incidence of pneumoconiosis occurred in 1980-1995 (213 cases). In 1984-1993, the highest death rate was observed in pneumoconiosis and the cumulative death was 50 cases. The industries with the largest number of cases of pneumoconiosis were the machinery industry and the non-ferrous metal industry in turn. The main types of workers are excavators, coal mining workers, foundries, electricians and sand blasting workers. Conclusion The pneumoconiosis in Baoji City is mainly made of machinery, non-ferrous metals and coal. Silicosis is the main cause of pneumoconiosis. Occupational health monitoring is strengthened, which is beneficial to the early detection of pneumoconiosis patients.