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目的评价超声在梗阻性无精子症诊断中的作用。方法158例梗阻性无精子症患者,经过体格体检查、精液分析及血液激素水平测定后,均进行了阴囊超声及经直肠彩色多普勒超声检查。结果在158例梗阻性无精子症患者的超声检查中,25例无阳性结果,133例超声检查结果异常,阳性率为84.2%。其病因是多方面的,包括远端梗阻和近端梗阻,共分为4种分类:(1)先天性发育异常,如:精囊缺失或精囊发育不良以及输精管单侧及双侧缺失(55例);(2)射精管梗阻(EDO)(34例);(3)附睾病变(25例);(4)炎症性病变(19例)。结论阴囊超声及经直肠超声检查是临床诊断梗阻性无精子症的重要手段。
Objective To evaluate the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of obstructive azoospermia. Methods A total of 158 patients with obstructive azoospermia were examined by scrotal ultrasound and transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography after physical examination, semen analysis and determination of blood hormone levels. Results In 158 cases of obstructive azoospermia in patients with ultrasound examination, 25 cases had no positive results, 133 cases of abnormal ultrasound findings, the positive rate was 84.2%. The etiology is multifaceted, including distal obstruction and proximal obstruction. There are four categories: (1) congenital dysplasia such as lack of seminal vesicle or seminal vesicle dysplasia and absence of unilateral and bilateral vas deferens (55 ); (2) ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) (34 cases); (3) epididymal lesions (25 cases); (4) inflammatory lesions (19 cases). Conclusion Scrotal ultrasound and transrectal ultrasonography are important methods for the diagnosis of obstructive azoospermia.