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作为拉美地区的主要国家,墨西哥医疗卫生制度建立已近百年,期间经历了曲折的改革和发展过程,到目前为止已初步建立全民医保的制度体系。本文通过对墨西哥医疗卫生制度变迁和改革过程的梳理和研究,提出适用于发展中国家医疗卫生制度改革的一些基本经验:一是必须确立优先的改革目标;二是必须妥善解决融资来源稳定性问题;三是要不断整合医疗资源并提高医疗效率;四是权衡个人享有的社会权利和国家所能提供财力之间的关系。
As a major country in Latin America, the medical and health system in Mexico has been established for nearly a hundred years. During the tortuous reform and development process, the system of medical insurance for all people has been basically established so far. This paper puts forward some basic experiences that are applicable to the reform of the medical and health system in developing countries by combing and studying the changes and reform process of the medical and health system in Mexico. First, we must establish priority reform goals. Second, we must properly solve the problem of the stability of financing sources Thirdly, we must continue to integrate medical resources and improve medical efficiency. Fourth, we must weigh the relationship between the social rights enjoyed by individuals and the financial resources that the state can provide.