五代北宋的山水画家注重向自然学习,到了元代,这种状况有所变化,一般认为元人重写意,实际上元人也重视对自然的体会。宋元山水画的这种外师造化的精神似乎未被明代山水画家所继承,一般认为明代山水画拟古气息很浓,少有创新,好像这主要是因为吴中画家不注重学习自然的结果。但同时我们也能发现吴中画家创作了大量的园林实景画。这是不是能代表他们也重视自然呢?所以分析这些园林实景画,对研究他们的自然观有意义。本文之所以选择沈周做重点研究,是因为他是吴中山水画家的代表,分析了沈周,也就了解了吴中山水画家。 Five Dynasties landscape painters in the Northern Song Dynasty paid attention to learning from nature. In the Yuan Dynasty, the situation changed. Generally, the Yuan people rewritten their ideas. In fact, the Yuan people also value the experience of nature. It seems that the spirit of the Song and Yuan Dynasties landscaping artists was not inherited by the landscape painters of the Ming Dynasty. It is generally believed that ancient landscapes in the Ming Dynasty had a strong ancient flavor and few innovations. It seems that this is mainly because Wu Zhong painters did not pay attention to the results of studying nature. But at the same time, we can also find that Wuzhong’s painter created a large number of real-life landscape paintings. Does this mean that they also value nature? Therefore, the analysis of these landscape paintings is of great significance for studying their view of nature. This article chooses Shen Zhou to do the key research because he is the representative of Wuzhongshan water painter, analyzes Shen Zhou and also understands Wuzhongshan water painter.