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目的探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)感染的临床特点和早期诊断。 方法用微粒酶免疫试验和蛋白印迹试验 ,对HIV感染者的血清进行HIV抗体初筛和确认 ,并对感染者的流行病学、机会性感染及免疫学、病毒学特点进行分析。 结果在 6 398份血清标本中 ,查出 2 3例HIV感染者 (3.6 0‰ ) ,上海户籍患者占 5 6 .5 % ;年龄以30 ～4 9岁为主。多经血、性和母婴等途径传播。早期症状常被忽略 ,以消化道、肺部霉菌、假单孢菌感染、巨细胞病毒感染、病毒性肝炎、皮损等就诊于各科室。多重或多部位的机会性感染可见于所有临床已发病患者。 结论多部位和 或多病原体感染是HIV感染的重要特征。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Methods Microbial enzyme immunoassay and Western blotting were used to screen and confirm the HIV antibody of HIV infected persons. The epidemiological, opportunistic, immunological and virological characteristics of those infected were also analyzed. Results Among 6 398 serum samples, 23 cases of HIV infection (3.6 0%) were found, while 56.5% of them were registered permanent residents in Shanghai. The age ranged from 30 to 49 years old. More blood, sexual and maternal and child and other means of transmission. Early symptoms are often overlooked, with digestive tract, lung mold, Pseudomonas infection, cytomegalovirus infection, viral hepatitis, skin lesions and other treatment in various departments. Multiple or multiple sites of opportunistic infections can be found in all clinically ill patients. Conclusions Multi-site and / or multi-pathogen infection is an important feature of HIV infection.