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目的调查分析瑞安市中学生脂肪肝流行病学现状及其相关危险因素。方法选取2015年4月-2016年4月期间,瑞安市城郊公立中学在读中学生892例,统计脂肪肝检出患病情况,并比较不同特征中学生脂肪肝患病情况以及脂肪肝组和非脂肪肝组肝功能相关指标的变化情况,分析脂肪肝发病的相关因素。结果 892例参加体检的中学中,检出脂肪肝患病人数62例,患病率6.59%,均为轻度脂肪肝。与家庭地址在城郊中学生相比,市内中学生脂肪肝患病率明显提高,可达8.61%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与血脂正常中学生相比,血脂升高中学生脂肪肝患病率明显提高,可达27.83%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与非脂肪肝中学生相比,脂肪肝中学生肝功能指标TC、TG、LDL-C以及ALT均明显提高,而HDL-C明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与非脂肪肝中学生相比,脂肪肝中学生嗜烟酒,嗜肉、煎炸类食物,嗜零食、喜甜食,夜间加餐,饮食无节制,每周运动<3次,每次运动<30 min等不良生活行为比例明显提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论瑞安市城郊中学生的脂肪肝检出率处于较高水平,主要与学生的不良生活行为密切相关。有效的健康宣教和定期的健康体检,对提高中学生的身体素质,降低脂肪肝的患病率起到积极的促进作用。
Objective To investigate and analyze the status of fatty liver epidemiology and its related risk factors among middle school students in Rui’an. Methods From April 2015 to April 2016, 892 middle school students were enrolled in suburban public schools in Rui’an City, the prevalence of fatty liver was detected and the prevalence of fatty liver in different characteristics of middle school students was compared with those of fatty liver group and non-fatty liver group Group liver function related indicators of changes, analysis of the incidence of fatty liver related factors. Results Among the 892 middle school students who participated in the physical examination, 62 patients with fatty liver were detected, the prevalence was 6.59%, all of which were mild fatty liver. Compared with the middle school students in suburban address, the prevalence of fatty liver in urban middle school students increased significantly (up to 8.61%) (P <0.05). Compared with middle school students with elevated blood lipids, fatty liver disease The disease rate increased significantly, up to 27.83%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and ALT in steatohepatitis patients were significantly higher than those in non-steatohepatitis students, but HDL-C was significantly lower than those in non-steatohepatitis students (P <0.05). Compared with non-fatty liver middle school students, fatty liver middle school students addicted to alcohol and tobacco, addicted to meat, fried food, addicted to snacks, like sweet, night meals, diet uncontrollably, exercise <3 times a week, each exercise <30 min And other unhealthy behavior significantly increased the proportion of differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of fatty liver in suburban students in Ruian City is at a high level, which is closely related to the bad behavior of students. Effective health education and regular physical examination, to improve the physical fitness of secondary school students, reduce the prevalence of fatty liver has played a positive role in promoting.