在现实社会生活中,为有效地维护公共利益和公共秩序,各级人民政府及其工作部门进行着经常的、大量的、范围广泛的行政管理工作。由于行政权最终要由具体的行政机关和公务员来行使,某些违法或不当的行政行为难以避免,这些违法或不当的行政行为会对相对人的权利造成损害,因此,需要给予行政管理相对人一定的权利救济途径。现代法制国家是通过建立行政复议制度和行政诉讼制度为相对人提供救济的。在我国,行政诉讼是由人民法院对引起争议的具体行政行为进行审查,以保护相对人的合法权益,这一种司法救济,是行政系统外部对行政权的监督形式。行政复议则是与行政诉讼相结合的行政救济制度。它是动用行政机关系统内部的层级监督关系,由上级 In the real social life, in order to effectively safeguard the public interest and public order, the people’s governments at all levels and their working departments carry out regular, large-scale and extensive administrative work. Because the executive power is ultimately to be exercised by specific administrative organs and civil servants, some illegal or improper administrative acts can not be avoided. These illegal or improper administrative acts will infringe upon the rights of the counterparts. Therefore, it is necessary to give relatives A certain way to remedy the rights. The modern legal state provides relief to the relatives through the establishment of an administrative review system and administrative litigation system. In our country, the administrative lawsuit is the people’s court to examine the controversial concrete administrative act in order to protect the legal person’s relative rights and interests. This type of judicial remedy is the form of supervision of administrative power outside the administrative system. Administrative reconsideration is the administrative remedy system combined with administrative litigation. It is the use of administrative agencies within the system to monitor the relationship between the levels, by superiors