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《红楼梦》中的大观园是中国历代文学园林之典范。大观园景致气象之精美归功于作者对园林“借景”技法的巧妙运用。此处“借景”这一概念不仅仅指称园林取景的技法,更是一种营造意境和叙事行文的手法。根据“借景”对象和目的不同,可将《红楼梦》中的“借景”分为“园林取景之借景”“园林建构之借景”和“叙事调控之借景”三种类型,前两者为取景、造园技法,后者则为行文手法。曹雪芹将“借景”的匠意巧妙地运用到作品之中,完美地建构了大观园,并呈现其精妙秀美的景象,同时对整部作品的叙事节奏也有调控之功。
The Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions is a model of Chinese literary garden. The spectacular scenery of the Grand View Garden is attributed to the author’s clever use of the landscape by borrowing the scenery. Here, the concept of “borrowing scenery” not only refers to the technique of garden scenery, but also a technique of creating moods and narratives. According to the different objects and purposes of “borrowing King”, we can divide the “borrowing scenery” in “A Dream of Red Mansions” into “scenery by landscape”, “scenery by landscape architecture” and “ Three types, the first two for the viewfinder, gardening techniques, the latter is the style of writing. Cao Xueqin skillfully applied the art of ”borrowing scenery" to the works, constructing the Grand View Garden perfectly and presenting the exquisite and beautiful scenery. At the same time, he also regulated the narration rhythm of the whole work.