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海事法院作为我国法院系统内建构与行政区划分离的司法管辖体制的先行者,在遏制司法权地方化、保障司法独立等方面收获了不少成功经验,也累积了若干体制机制性问题。本文在概述海事法院产生发展的历史基础上,从海事法院的管理体制、受案范围、审判资源三方面分析了海事法院的机制体制问题,提出了在中央事权原则指导下,进一步理顺管理体制,发挥现有审判资源的工作效能,调整海事案件管辖制度和受理海事行政案件,暂缓受理海事刑事案件等海事司法体制改革的路径选择方面的观点。
As the forerunner of the judicial system of the separation of the administrative divisions within the court system of our country, the maritime court has gained a lot of successful experiences in curbing the localization of judicial power and guaranteeing the independence of the judiciary. It also accumulated a number of institutional and institutional issues. Based on the history of the emergence and development of maritime courts, this article analyzes the institutional mechanisms of maritime courts from three aspects: the management system of the maritime courts, the scope of acceptance and the sources of judgment. It proposes to further rationalize the management system under the guidance of the principle of central power, , The effectiveness of the existing trial resources, the adjustment of the jurisdiction over maritime cases and the acceptance of maritime administrative cases, and the suspension of the maritime judicial system such as maritime criminal cases.