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目的:以结构性问卷对社区成年人进行郁证流行病学调查。方法:以整群抽样的形式对755名香港成年人采用横断面的方法进行结构性问卷调查。结果:以症状严重程度的自我评估为参考,受试者工作特征的分析结果显示,50分为郁证量表的最佳诊断分界点,其中,假阳性和假阴性值分别为25.8%和23.3%。郁证的患病率为6.2%,其中,女性患病率较男性高,男女之比为1:2.8(P=0.02)。郁证与年龄呈显著负相关关系(r=-0.22,P<0.01),但与婚姻状况、教育程度以及个人收入无显著相关关系。在郁证患者中,30.4%的患者表现出有极大的意愿去寻求治疗(男性为25.0%,女性为32.4%)。结论:郁证在成年人中颇为普遍,且患者有较高的寻求治疗的意愿。由此可见,此概念可以作为干预治疗的一个切入点,值得作更进一步的研究。本文分析了采用结构性问卷进行流行病学研究的局限性并提出了相应的改善措施。
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological investigation of depression in community adults with structured questionnaire. Methods: A total of 755 Hong Kong adults were surveyed by cluster questionnaire using a cross-sectional method. Results: Based on the self-assessment of symptom severity, the analysis of the working characteristics of the subjects showed that 50 points were the best diagnostic cut-off point of the depression-deprivation scale, in which the false-positive and false-negative values were 25.8% and 23.3 %. The prevalence rate of depression was 6.2%. Among them, the prevalence rate of females was higher than that of males. The ratio of males to females was 1: 2.8 (P = 0.02). There was a significant negative correlation between depression and age (r = -0.22, P <0.01), but no significant correlation with marital status, education level and personal income. Among the patients with depression, 30.4% showed great willingness to seek treatment (25.0% for males and 32.4% for females). Conclusion: Syndromes are common in adults and patients have a high willingness to seek treatment. Thus, this concept can be used as an entry point for intervention treatment, it is worth for further study. This article analyzes the limitations of using structured questionnaires for epidemiological studies and puts forward corresponding improvements.