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目的:探讨婚前医学检查对促进健康婚配、提高人口素质的重要性和必要性。方法:对2005～2010年普陀区婚前医学检查资料进行回顾性分析。结果:2005～2010年应检人数29 498例,实检人数24 867例,检出疾病4 068例,疾病检出率为16.36%,其中内科疾病占49.39%,生殖系统疾病占37.00%,指定性传染病占13.57%,内科疾病所占比例最高。在检出异常情况中,以HBsAg阳性乙肝病毒携带者最为常见,共检出2 462例,检出率9.90%。2005～2010年平均婚前医学检查率为84.30%,婚前医学检查率逐年上升。结论:通过婚前医学检查,实施个体化服务与建议性医学意见是阻断和控制疾病、提高出生人口素质的有效手段。
Objective: To investigate the importance and necessity of premarital medical examination to promote healthy marriage and improve the quality of the population. Methods: The data of premarital medical examination in Putuo District from 2005 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: From 2005 to 2010, 29 498 cases were examined, 24 867 cases were detected, 4 068 cases were detected, the detection rate was 16.36%, of which 49.39% were medical diseases and 37.00% were reproductive diseases. Sexually transmitted diseases accounted for 13.57%, the highest proportion of medical diseases. Among the detected abnormalities, HBsAg-positive hepatitis B virus carriers were the most common, of which 2 462 were detected, with a detection rate of 9.90%. From 2005 to 2010, the average rate of premarital medical examination was 84.30%, and the rate of premarital medical examination increased year by year. Conclusion: Pre-marital medical examination, the implementation of personalized services and advice on medical advice is to block and control the disease, improve the quality of the birth of the population an effective means.