一、概述车架和汽缸是蒸汽机车的主体和基干。它是整个机车设计和工艺的主要基准,也是缩短机车检修周期的中心环节。友好型机车本身存在着先天性的缺陷,那就是车架弱、弯曲变形大、裂纹多,切换率大、焊修处所多、横操拆修多。由于车架损坏严重,汽缸与车架结合状态不良导致吊缸修理者达75%左右。特别是由于过去各厂在检修方法上的不一致,往往为了“凑合”车架而对汽缸进行偏镟、偏铇,造成 First, an overview Frame and cylinder steam locomotive is the main and backbone. It is the main benchmark of the entire locomotive design and process, but also reduce the locomotive maintenance cycle center. Friendly locomotive itself there is a congenital defect, that is, the frame is weak, bending deformation, cracks and more, the switching rate, welding repair more, horizontal dismantling and more. Due to serious damage to the frame, the poor combination of cylinder and frame led to about 75% of the cylinder repair. In particular, due to inconsistencies in the overhaul methods of the various plants in the past, the cylinder is often biased and deflected in order to “make up” the frame